It might sound like a myth, but catnip really does send some cats into a frenzy. One minute they’re lounging around, the next they’re rolling, pouncing or tearing through the house like they’ve just won a zoomies championship. Others go the opposite way, stretching out in a state of calm contentment.
What is catnip, and why does it make cats so happy?
Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a herb from the mint family that grows all over the world. You might see it in gardens or even growing wild along footpaths. The magic ingredient is nepetalactone, a compound found in the leaves and stems of the plant. This chemical is believed to mimic a natural feline pheromone, triggering a response in certain cats that sends them into a state of excitement or relaxation.
When a cat encounters catnip – whether by sniffing, licking, or rolling in it – the nepetalactone binds to receptors in their nose, setting off a chain reaction in the brain. The result? A burst of playful energy, a series of blissful rolls, or, for some cats, a moment of pure zen.
Reactions can vary widely. Some cats go wild, running laps around the house or batting at imaginary objects. Others become extra affectionate, rubbing against their owners or meowing with excitement. And then there are the cats who simply flop over and relax without a care.
One thing is certain – the effect doesn’t last long. Most cats enjoy a catnip for about 5 to 15 minutes, after which the excitement fades. Once they’ve had their fill, they’ll lose interest for a while – typically at least an hour or two – before they can respond to catnip again.
Why do some cats love catnip while others don’t?
Not every cat is drawn to catnip. The response is genetic, with studies suggesting that around one out of every three cats don’t react to it at all. If your cat is one of them, there’s no need to worry – it simply means they lack the genetic trait that makes them sensitive to nepetalactone.
Interestingly, there’s another plant that produces a similar reaction – silvervine (Actinidia polygama). This plant contains a compound called nepetalactol, which can trigger an even stronger response than catnip. Some cats who ignore catnip go absolutely wild for silvervine, making it a great alternative.
Another important factor is age. Kittens under six months old usually don’t react to catnip – their brains simply aren’t developed enough to respond to it. Some senior cats also show less interest, suggesting that sensitivity can fade over time.
Is catnip safe for cats?
Catnip is completely safe and non-toxic for cats. They can sniff it, roll in it, and even eat it without any risk of harm. There’s no such thing as a catnip overdose – even if a cat consumes a large amount, the worst that might happen is a mild stomach upset.
It’s not a drug and they don’t get “high”, and it’s also not addictive. While cats love catnip, they don’t develop a dependence on it, and regular use doesn’t reduce its effect. In fact, many cats seem to self-regulate their exposure, walking away once they’ve had enough.
For kittens, catnip is harmless, but since they’re not usually responsive to it until they’re about six months old, it may not have much effect.
Fun ways to use catnip
Catnip isn’t just a fun treat – it can also be a great tool for training, enrichment and relaxation. Here are some ways to use it:
- Encourage play – Sprinkle dried or powdered catnip on toys to boost your cat’s interest and get them moving.
- Help with training – Use catnip to attract your cat to a scratching post instead of the couch, or to help them get used to a new bed or carrier. A few drops of catnip oil can work wonders.
- Ease anxiety – Some cats find catnip relaxing, so it can help in stressful situations like vet visits or introducing a new pet. Try adding a little to their bedding.
- Outdoor enrichment – If you have a safe outdoor space, consider planting fresh catnip. It can encourage your cat to explore and stay active.
- As a treat – Catnip-infused treats offer an extra bit of fun, and some cats even enjoy munching on fresh leaves.
How to introduce catnip to your cat
Catnip comes in several forms – fresh, dried, powdered, oil and infused in toys or treats. If your cat is new to it, start with something simple, like a toy stuffed with dried catnip or a small sprinkle on their scratching post. Observe their reaction before offering more.
For a stronger effect, catnip oil is a great option. Just a drop or two can go a long way, especially if used on bedding or scratching posts. If you’re lucky enough to have access to fresh catnip, you can offer whole leaves for your cat to sniff or nibble on.
It’s best to use catnip in moderation. Too much exposure can lead to overstimulation, and while it’s not harmful, your cat might get bored of it if they have access all the time. Keeping it as an occasional treat makes it more special – and keeps their interest alive.
The verdict on catnip
Catnip is a fascinating plant with a unique effect on cats. Whether it sparks playful antics or pure relaxation, it’s an easy way to bring a little extra joy into your cat’s day.
At the end of the day, catnip is just one more way to make life with your cat a little more fun.
